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- Network Working Group K. Siyan
- Request for Comments: 1365 Siyan Consulting Services
- September 1992
-
-
- An IP Address Extension Proposal
-
- Status of This Memo
-
- This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does
- not specify an Internet standard. Distribution of this memo is
- unlimited.
-
- Abstract
-
- This RFC suggests an extension to the IP protocol to solve the
- shortage of IP address problem, and requests discussion and
- suggestions for improvements.
-
- 1. Introduction and Background
-
- The Internet community has a well-developed, mature set of protocols
- that have been quite successful in providing network and transport
- services to users. However, because of the spectacular success of the
- TCP/IP protocols and the number of networks that desire connection to
- the Internet, there is a shortage of network numbers that can be
- assigned.
-
- The current network addressing scheme uses a 32-bit IP address that
- has a network part and a local address part. The division between
- the network part and the local address part has been defined in terms
- of 5 address classes: class A, B, C, D, E. Of these, only class A,
- B, C addresses are assigned to hosts. Class D is used for
- multicasting and class E is reserved.
-
- Class A has the highest order bit set to 0, a 7 bit network number
- and a 24 bit host address.
-
- Class B has the two higher order bits set to 10, a 14 bit network
- number and a 16 bit host address.
-
- Class C has the three higher order bit set to 110, a 21 bit network
- number and a 8 bit host address.
-
- Class D has the four higher order bits set to 1110.
-
- Class E has four higher address bits set to 1111.
-
-
-
-
- Siyan [Page 1]
-
- RFC 1365 An IP Address Proposal September 1992
-
-
- Increasing the size of the IP address field to more than 32 bits
- would solve the problem, but at the expense of making a new IP header
- definition that would be incompatible with the existing base of IP
- implementations. OSI based solutions such as using CLNP have been
- proposed but would take time to implement.
-
- 2. Proposal for IP extension
-
- The IP header format should not be modified to minimize the changes
- necessary for supporting the address extensions that are proposed in
- this RFC. Instead an "escape" mechanism can be used to specify larger
- address. The IP header length field is 4 bits and this allows a
- maximum of fifteen 32-bit words where each word is 4 octets. The
- minimum size of the IP header without options is 5 words, which
- leaves 10 words for options. One can reserve 6 words (24 octets) for
- the normal options and leave the remaining (4 words or 16 octets) for
- a new option type that specifies an extended address. The details of
- this mechanism are discussed below.
-
- Class E should be defined with the its five high order bits set to
- 11110. Its current definition is that four 1's in the most
- significant bits represent a class E address.
-
- A new class F is proposed with its six high order bits set to 111110.
- The new class F address would be placed in the same locations that
- are used for source and destination IP address in the IP header, but
- would specify that part of the addressing information is in the
- options part of the IP header. This is illustrated in the figure
- below:
-
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | Ver. | IHL | TOS | Total Length |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | Identification |Flags| Fragment Offset |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- |1|1|1|1|1|0| Offset| Reserved | Source IP address part 1 |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- |1|1|1|1|1|0| Offset| Reserved | Destination IP address part 1 |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- : Options :
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- : SADDR Code |Len adr. part 2| Source IP address part 2 :
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- : DADDR Code |Len adr. part 2| Destination IP address part 2 :
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- : Data :
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
-
-
-
- Siyan [Page 2]
-
- RFC 1365 An IP Address Proposal September 1992
-
-
- The "Offset" field specifies the offset in words from the beginning
- of the IP header where the second part of the IP address is located.
- Its purpose is to avoid searching the options part for addressing
- information. The address in the options part is in the Type-Length-
- Value form for consistency with other IP options that are found in
- this part. The "Len adr. part" indicates the length of the second IP
- address part in octets. The lengths should be defined so that the
- second part of the IP address ends on a word boundary. For example,
- the possible length values are 4, 8 octets. It is proposed that new
- IP option codes be used for the SADDR and DADDR codes respectively.
-
- The IP address is the 2 bytes in the fixed IP header part plus the
- address field defined in the options part.
-
- If the "Len adr. part" field has a value of 4, the new class is
- designated as the F-4 class (Class F with IP address length of 4
- octets).
-
- If the "Len adr. part" field has a value of 8, the new class is
- designated as the F-8 class (Class F with IP address length of 8
- octets).
-
- Each of the F-4 and F-8 IP address class can be further subdivided
- into a network number and a host number field in a manner that is
- similar to the current IP addressing scheme.
-
- The sub-class definitions for F-4 class are shown below. Though the 4
- octets are drawn contiguously, the first 2 octets and the last 2
- octets are not contiguous in the IP header.
-
- Class F-4A has the highest order bit set to 0, a 7 bit network number
- and a 24 bit host address.
-
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- |0| net number | local part |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
- Class F-4B has the two higher order bits set to 10, a 14 bit network
- number and a 16 bit host address.
-
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- |1|0| net number | local part |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Siyan [Page 3]
-
- RFC 1365 An IP Address Proposal September 1992
-
-
- Class F-4C has the three higher order bit set to 110, a 21 bit
- network number and a 8 bit host address.
-
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- |1|1|0| net number | local part |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
- Class F-4D has the four higher order bits set to 1110. Class F-4D is
- reserved for multicasting.
-
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- |1|1|1|0| | multicast |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
- The sub-class definitions for F-8 class are shown below. Though the 8
- octets are drawn contiguously, the first 2 octets and the last 6
- octets are not contiguous in the IP header.
-
- Class F-8A has the highest order bit set to 0, a 7 bit network number
- and a 56 bit host address.
-
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- |0| net number | local part |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | local part |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
- Class F-8B has the two higher order bits set to 10, a 14 bit network
- number and a 48 bit host address.
-
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- |1|0| net number | local part |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | local part |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
- Class F-8C has the three higher order bit set to 110, a 21 bit
- network number and a 40 bit host address.
-
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- |1|1|0| net number | local part |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | local part |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Siyan [Page 4]
-
- RFC 1365 An IP Address Proposal September 1992
-
-
- Class F-8D has the four higher order bits set to 1110, a 28 bit
- network number and a 32 bit host address.
-
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- |1|1|1|0| net number |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | local part |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
- Class F-8E has the five higher order bits set to 11110, a 35 bit
- network number and a 24 bit host address.
-
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- |1|1|1|1|0| net number |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | net number | local part |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
- Class F-8F has the six higher order bits set to 111110, a 44 bit
- network number and a 16 bit host address.
-
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- |1|1|1|1|1|0| net number |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | net number | local part |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
- Class F-8G has the seven higher order bits set to 1111110, a 49 bit
- network number and a 8 bit host address.
-
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- |1|1|1|1|1|0| net number |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | net number | local part |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
- 3. Interoperability Issues
-
- If the new class F address is seen by a host that does not support it
- the IP datagram will be ignored. So communication will not be
- possible with existing hosts, but the amount of modification for
- existing hosts is much less than implementing an entirely different
- IP header structure or a different protocol.
-
- The receiving host must be modified to contain the following code
- sketched below:
-
-
-
-
-
- Siyan [Page 5]
-
- RFC 1365 An IP Address Proposal September 1992
-
-
- if (Destination_IP_address & 0xFC000000 == 0xF8000000)
- {
-
- /* New extended class F address */
- Class_F_Processing(Destination_IP_address);
-
- }
-
- The Class_F_Processing() procedure can be defined in a separate
- module. There will be other changes required to communicate the
- results of processing the class F address to the main IP processing
- module but they should not be so extensive.
-
- Security Considerations
-
- Security issues are not discussed in this memo.
-
- Author's Address
-
- Karanjit Siyan
- Siyan Consulting Services
- 49 Taurus Road, Box 960
- North Glastonbury
- Emigrant, Montana 59027
-
- Phone: 406-333-4491
-
- EMail: 72550.1634@compuserve.com
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- Siyan [Page 6]
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